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Caribbean Environment Programme
United Nations Environment Programme
CEP Technical Report No. 31 1994

All CEP Technical Reports

Ecotourism in the Wider Caribbean Region: An Assessment

Table of Contents

Summary
    -Background
    -Methodology and scope of the study
    -Structure of the report
    -Note
  1. Synthesis
    1. Ecotourism: Scope and Definitions
      1. Initial considerations
      2. Definitions
        1. Ecotourism
        2. Ecotourists
    2. Analysis and Conclusions
      1. The Practice and Concept of Ecotourism
      2. Significance and Impact of Tourism
      3. Ecotourism and Protected Areas
        1. Importance of Protected Areas
        2. Capacity of Protected Areas
      4. Context and Status of Ecotourism
        1. Institutional Factors
        2. Approach to Planning
        3. Priority Requirements
        4. Achievements and Failures of Ecotourism
    3. Guidelines for the Development of Ecotourism
      1. Useful References (Documents)
      2. Basic Premises
      3. Some Strategic Proposals
  1. Results of the Survey
    1. The General Context
      1. Contribution of the Tourism Sector to the Economy
        1. Contribution to gross Domestic Product
        2. Contribution to Employment
        3. Contribution to Foreign Exchange Earnings
      2. Hotel Capacity and Number of Visitors
        1. Number of Rooms and Occupancy Levels
        2. All-inclusive Resorts
        3. Visitors Arrivals
    2. Ecotourism
    3. Protected Areas
      1. Protected Terrestrial Areas
      2. Coastal Protected Areas
      3. Marine Protected Areas
    4. Non-Protected Areas
    5. Frequency of Visitors and Areas Most Visited
    6. Institutions, Standards and Planning
      1. Organizations involved in Ecotourism
      2. Criteria for Regulating Tourism and the Environment
      3. Planning
    7. Current Status of Ecotourism
      1. Priority Requirements
      2. Local Facilities and Experience in each country for Training in Ecotourism
      3. Achievements and Failures of Ecotourism
  2. Case Studies
    1. Netherlands Antilles: Bonaire
      1. Ecotourism in Bonaire - Summary
      2. The Case of Bonaire
        1. General Description of the Island
        2. Protected Areas
          1. Bonaire Marine Park
          2. Other Protected Areas
        3. Environmental Considerations
        4. Tourism in Bonaire
          1. Main Attractions
          2. Underwater Tourism
          3. Visitor Arrivals
          4. Tourism Incentives
    2. Costa Rica
      1. Ecotourism in Costa Rica - Summary
      2. The Case of Costa Rica
        1. Protected Areas
        2. Environmental Considerations
        3. Tourism in Costa Rica
          1. Background
          2. Visitor arrivals
          3. Tourism Incentives
    3. United States Virgin Islands, St. John
      1. Ecotourism in the U.S. Virgin Islands and in St. John - Summary
        1. Ecotourism Council
        2. St. John
      2. The Case of St. John and the U.S. Virgin Islands
        1. General Description
        2. Protected Areas
        3. Environmental Considerations
        4. Tourism in the Virgin Islands
          1. Limitations and Outlook
          2. Visitor Arrivals
          3. Hotel Statistics
          4. Tourist Preferences
          5. Tourism Incentives

V. References
    a. Suggested Reading

ANNEX I - LIST OF TABLES

Table 1: Macroeconomic Impact of Tourism, Hotel 1 Capacity and Annual Visitor Arrivals
Table 2: Ecotourism: Concepts and Definitions
Table 3: Protected Terrestrial Areas 4
Table 4: Coastal Protected Areas 6
Table 5: Marine Protected Areas 8
Table 6: Non-Protected Areas 10
Table 7: Visitor Arrivals
Table 8: Legal and Institutional Aspects
Table 9: Planning
Table 10: Bases for the Development of Ecotourism 15
Table 11: Protected Wildlands in Costa Rica
Table 12: International Tourist Arrival in Costa Rica according to Zones and Countries - 1989-1991 18
Table 13: International Tourist Arrivals in Costa Rica according to Zones - 1992-1991 19
Table 14: Tourism in Costa Rica and Visits to National Parks
Table 15: Tourist Indications for the U.S. Virgin Islands - 1980-1991
Table 16: Main Hotel Statistics - 1987-1990
Table 17: Visitor Preference - 1989

 

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Note: The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this document do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNEP concerning the legal status of any State, Territory, city or area, or its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of their frontiers or boundaries. The document contains the views expressed by the authors acting in their individual capacity and may not necessarily reflect the views of UNEP.

For bibliographic purposes the printed version of this document may be cited as:

UNEP: Ecotourism in the Wider Caribbean Region: An Assessment. CEP Technical Report No. 31. UNEP Caribbean Environment Programme, Kingston, Jamaica, 1994.

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